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 <front>
  <journal-meta>
   <journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY</journal-id>
   <journal-title-group>
    <journal-title xml:lang="en">PHYSICAL OCEANOGRAPHY</journal-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Морской гидрофизический журнал</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </journal-title-group>
   <issn publication-format="print">0233-7584</issn>
   <issn publication-format="online">1573-160X</issn>
  </journal-meta>
  <article-meta>
   <article-id pub-id-type="publisher-id">6a84bcbf94fbba14f786c73e</article-id>
   <article-categories>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="ru">
     <subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ И ЭКСПЕДИЦИОННЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group subj-group-type="toc-heading" xml:lang="en">
     <subject>EXPERIMENTAL AND EXPEDITIONAL RESEARCH</subject>
    </subj-group>
    <subj-group>
     <subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ И ЭКСПЕДИЦИОННЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ</subject>
    </subj-group>
   </article-categories>
   <title-group>
    <article-title xml:lang="en">Biogeochemical Characteristics of the Surface Layer and CO2 Fluxes in the Ocean – Atmosphere System in the Fjords of Western Spitsbergen</article-title>
    <trans-title-group xml:lang="ru">
     <trans-title>Биогеохимические характеристики поверхностного слоя и потоки СО2 в системе океан – атмосфера в заливах Западного Шпицбергена</trans-title>
    </trans-title-group>
   </title-group>
   <contrib-group content-type="authors">
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Алексеева</surname>
       <given-names>Наталья Константиновна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Alekseeva</surname>
       <given-names>Natal'ya Konstantinovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>nkalekseeva@aari.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Никулина</surname>
       <given-names>Наталья Константиновна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Nikulina</surname>
       <given-names>Natal'ya Konstantinovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>anikulina@aari.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Блошкина</surname>
       <given-names>Екатерина Владимировна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Bloshkina</surname>
       <given-names>Ekaterina Vladimirovna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>bloshkinaev@mail.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Швед</surname>
       <given-names>Яна Валерьевна</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Shved</surname>
       <given-names>Yana Valer'evna</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>yvswede@aari.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Рыжов</surname>
       <given-names>Иван Владимирович</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Ryzhov</surname>
       <given-names>Ivan Vladimirovich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>ryzhov@aari.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-5"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Новихин</surname>
       <given-names>Андрей Евгеньевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Novihin</surname>
       <given-names>Andrey Evgen'evich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>andrey_n@aari.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-6"/>
    </contrib>
    <contrib contrib-type="author">
     <name-alternatives>
      <name xml:lang="ru">
       <surname>Махотин</surname>
       <given-names>Михаил Сергеевич</given-names>
      </name>
      <name xml:lang="en">
       <surname>Mahotin</surname>
       <given-names>Mihail Sergeevich</given-names>
      </name>
     </name-alternatives>
     <email>makhotin@aari.ru</email>
     <xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-7"/>
    </contrib>
   </contrib-group>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-1">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Арктический и Антарктический научно-исследовательский институт</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute</institution>
     <city>Saint-Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-2">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">Арктический и Антарктический научно-исследовательский институт</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute</institution>
     <city>Saint Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-3">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт»</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution &quot;Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute&quot;</institution>
     <city>Saint-Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-4">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Арктический и антарктический научно-исследо- вательский институт»</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute</institution>
     <city>Saint-Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-5">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт»</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute</institution>
     <city>Saint-Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-6">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Арктический и антарктиче- ский научно-исследовательский институт»</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Federal State Budgetary Institution &quot;Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute&quot;</institution>
     <city>Saint-Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <aff-alternatives id="aff-7">
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="ru">ФГБУ «Арктический и антарктический научно-исследовательский институт»</institution>
     <city>Санкт-Петербург</city>
     <country>Россия</country>
    </aff>
    <aff>
     <institution xml:lang="en">Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute</institution>
     <city>Saint-Petersburg</city>
     <country>Russian Federation</country>
    </aff>
   </aff-alternatives>
   <pub-date publication-format="print" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-23T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>23</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <pub-date publication-format="electronic" date-type="pub" iso-8601-date="2024-12-23T00:00:00+03:00">
    <day>23</day>
    <month>12</month>
    <year>2024</year>
   </pub-date>
   <fpage>878</fpage>
   <lpage>890</lpage>
   <history>
    <date date-type="received" iso-8601-date="2024-12-20T00:00:00+03:00">
     <day>20</day>
     <month>12</month>
     <year>2024</year>
    </date>
   </history>
   <permissions>
    <copyright-statement xml:lang="ru">© 2024 Алексеева Н.К., Никулина Н.К., Блошкина Е.В., Швед Я.В., Рыжов И.В., Новихин А.Е., Махотин М.С.</copyright-statement>
    <copyright-statement xml:lang="en">© 2024 Alekseeva N.K., Nikulina N.K., Bloshkina E.V., Shved Y.V., Ryzhov I.V., Novihin A.E., Mahotin M.S.</copyright-statement>
    <copyright-year>2024</copyright-year>
    <copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Алексеева Наталья Константиновна, Никулина Наталья Константиновна, Блошкина Екатерина Владимировна, Швед Яна Валерьевна, Рыжов Иван Владимирович, Новихин Андрей Евгеньевич, Махотин Михаил Сергеевич</copyright-holder>
    <copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Alekseeva Natal'ya Konstantinovna, Nikulina Natal'ya Konstantinovna, Bloshkina Ekaterina Vladimirovna, Shved Yana Valer'evna, Ryzhov Ivan Vladimirovich, Novihin Andrey Evgen'evich, Mahotin Mihail Sergeevich</copyright-holder>
   </permissions>
   <self-uri xlink:href="https://ras.editorum.ru/en/nauka/publications/6a84bcbf94fbba14f786c73e/view">https://ras.editorum.ru/en/nauka/publications/6a84bcbf94fbba14f786c73e/view</self-uri>
   <abstract xml:lang="ru">
    <p>Цель. Оценка пространственной изменчивости и сезонной динамики параметров карбонатной системы во фьордах Западного Шпицбергена по результатам экспедиционных исследований в весенний (апрель) и летний (август) сезоны 2023 г. – цель данной работы. Методы и результаты. Изучены физико-химические параметры воды, такие как общая щелочность, рН и содержание биогенных компонентов. Анализ проб был выполнен в химико-аналитической лаборатории Российского научного центра на архипелаге Шпицберген (РНЦШ). Измерение рН проводилось с помощью лабораторного рН-метра Mettler Tolledo Seven Compact S220. Общая щелочность определялась методом прямого титрования соляной кислотой с визуальным определением точки эквивалентности. Концентрации фосфатов и силикатов, хлорофилла а измерялись стандартными спектрометрическими методами. Параметры карбонатной системы, направление и скорость потока СО2 были рассчитаны в программе Program Developed for CO2 System calculations. Обнаруженные сезонная динамика и вариабельность карбонат-ной системы тесно связаны с атмосферными условиями, сезонной изменчивостью водных масс, интенсивностью биопродуктивности. Полученные оценки потока углекислого газа по данным за август 2023 г. позволяют сделать вывод о его поглощении в Грёнфьорде (–1,52 ... –4,76 ммоль м–2· сут–1) и Исфьорде (–0,12 ... –1,0 ммоль м–2 ·сут–1) в этот период, в Биллефьорде наблюдается локальная область с положительно направленным потоком угле-кислого газа (1,2–2,6 ммоль м–2 ·сут–1). Выводы. В результате выполненных исследований в заливах были выявлены выраженные се-зонные колебания параметров карбонатной системы и потоков углекислого газа, сходные с колебаниями в других внутренних фьордах Шпицбергена. Полученные результаты подчеркивают значимость карбонатных параметров для понимания биогеохимического баланса биогеохимических процессов в морских экосистемах в условиях глобального изменения климата.</p>
   </abstract>
   <trans-abstract xml:lang="en">
    <p>Purpose. The study is purposed at assessing and analyzing spatial variability and seasonal dynamics of the carbonate system parameters in the fjords of Western Spitsbergen based on the results of field research in the spring (April) and summer (August) seasons, 2023. Methods and Results. The physical and chemical parameters of water, such as total alkalinity, pH and nutrient component contents are studied. The samples are analyzed in the chemical analytical laboratory of the Russian Scientific Center at the Spitsbergen (RSCS). pH is measured using a Mettler Tolledo Seven Compact S220 laboratory pH-meter, and total alkalinity – by direct titration of a seawater sample with a 0.02 hydrochloric acid solution (the equivalence point is determined visually). The concentrations of phosphates and silicates, as well as chlorophyll a are measured by standard spectrometric methods. The carbonate system parameters, and CO2 flux direction and speed are computed within the Program Developed for CO2 System calculations. The revealed seasonal dynamics and variability of the carbonate system parameters are closely related to the atmospheric conditions, water mass seasonal variability and intensity of bioproductivity. The estimates of carbon dioxide flux obtained using the data for August 2023 permit to conclude that during this period it is absorbed in Grønfjord (–1.52 ... –4.76 mmol m–2·day–1) and Isfjord (–0.12 ... –1.0 mmol m–2·day–1), whereas in Billefjord a local area with positively directed CO2 flux (1.2–2.6 mmol m–2·day–1) is noted. Conclusions. The studies carried out in the fjords have resulted in revealing seasonal fluctuations in the carbonate system parameters and the carbon dioxide fluxes similar to those in other inner fjords of Spitsbergen. The obtained results highlight the importance of the carbonate system parameters in understanding the biogeochemical balance and the state of marine ecosystems in the context of climate change.</p>
   </trans-abstract>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="ru">
    <kwd>фьорды Западного Шпицбергена</kwd>
    <kwd>морская карбонатная система</kwd>
    <kwd>поток СО2</kwd>
    <kwd>хлорофилл а</kwd>
    <kwd>арагонит</kwd>
    <kwd>Арктика</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <kwd-group xml:lang="en">
    <kwd>Western Spitsbergen fjords</kwd>
    <kwd>marine carbonate system</kwd>
    <kwd>CO2 flux</kwd>
    <kwd>chlorophyll a</kwd>
    <kwd>aragonite</kwd>
    <kwd>Arctic</kwd>
   </kwd-group>
   <funding-group>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="ru">сбор материала осуществлен в 2023 г. Арктическим и Антарктическим научно- исследовательским институтом (ААНИИ) на архипелаге Шпицберген в рамках Российской научной арктической экспедиции на архипелаге Шпицберген (РАЭ-Ш). Авторы выражают бла- годарность отделу координации и планирования научных исследований РАЭ-Ш за постоянное внимание к работе и качественную организацию полевых исследований, а также сотрудникам зимовочного состава РАЭ-Ш в пос. Баренцбург за оказанное содействие при выполнении поле- вых и лабораторных исследований. Работы выполнены в рамках Федеральной научно-техниче- ской программы в области экологического развития Российской Федерации и климатических изменений на 2021–2030 годы. Соглашение № 169-03-2024-072.</funding-statement>
    <funding-statement xml:lang="en">The material was collected by the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute (AARI) at the Spitsbergen within the framework of the Russian scientific Arctic expedition to the Spitsbergen (RAE-S) in 2023. The authors are grateful to the Department of research coordination and planning of RAE-S for their constant attention to the work and high-quality organization of field studies, as well as</funding-statement>
   </funding-group>
  </article-meta>
 </front>
 <body>
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