Russian Federation
employee
Russian Federation
Russian Federation
Irkutsk region, Russian Federation
VAK Russia 1.6
UDC 556
UDC 55
UDC 550.34
UDC 550.383
CSCSTI 37.27
CSCSTI 37.01
CSCSTI 37.15
CSCSTI 37.25
CSCSTI 37.31
CSCSTI 38.01
CSCSTI 36.00
CSCSTI 37.00
CSCSTI 38.00
CSCSTI 39.00
CSCSTI 52.00
Russian Classification of Professions by Education 05.04.06
Russian Classification of Professions by Education 05.06.01
Russian Library and Bibliographic Classification 201
Russian Library and Bibliographic Classification 26
Russian Trade and Bibliographic Classification 6369
Russian Trade and Bibliographic Classification 63
BISAC NAT038000 Natural Resources
BISAC SCI SCIENCE
Based on the results of long-term field measurements (2018-2023), the variability of concentrations of chlorophyll 𝑎 and biogenic elements in the pelagial of Lake Baikal was studied. Over the study period, the average concentration of chlorophyll 𝑎 in the upper 100-meter layer of lake water is 1,32 µg/L. Two types of vertical chlorophyll a distribution are considered depending on the type of temperature stratification and the depth of the thermocline. The interannual and intraannual changes in the concentration of chlorophyll 𝑎 in the upper layer of water and their relationship to the dynamics of biogenic elements are evaluated. The Carlson trophic index (TSI) has been calculated, and the obtained values indicate that the pelagic zone of Lake Baikal belongs to the oligotrophic type of water bodies.
Chlorophyll 𝑎, Lake Baikal, biogenic elements, pelagic, vertical dynamics
1. Belykh O. I., Bessudova A. Yu., Gladkikh A. S., et al. Guide for Determining Biomass of Plankton Species in the Pelagic Zone of Lake Baikal. Methodological Manual. — Irkutsk : IGU, 2011. — 51 p. — (In Russian).
2. Bondarenko N. A. Structure and Production Characteristics of Phytoplankton of Lake Baikal. PhDThesis. — Borok : IBIW RAS, 1997. — 23 p. — EDN: https://elibrary.ru/ZKEGZT ; (in Russian).
3. Bondarenko N. A., Rusanov I. I., Chernitsyna S. M., et al. Structure and Production Potential of Summer Phytoplankton of Lake Baikal in the Present Period // Water Resources. — 2022. — Vol. 49, no. 1. — P. 98–108. — https://doi.org/10.1134/s0097807822010055.
4. Bondarenko N. A., Tomberg I. V., Pen’kova O. G., et al. Structural Changes of Phyto- and Zooplankton under the Influence of Climate Change and Anthropogenic Load (Lake Baikal, Russia) // Inland Water Biology. — 2023. — Vol. 16, no. 6. — P. 955–966. — https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995082923060056.
5. Bul’on V. V. Primary Production of Plankton in Inland Water Bodies. — Leningrad : Nauka, 1983. — 150 p. — (In Russian).
6. Vinberg G. G. Primary Production of Water Bodies. — Minsk : Izd-vo AN BSSR, 1960. — 329 p. — (In Russian).
7. Votintsev K. K. Hydrochemistry of Lake Baikal. — Moscow : Izd-vo AN SSSR, 1961. — 310 p. — (In Russian).
8. Votintsev K. K., Meshcheryakova A. I. and Popovskaya G. I. Cycle of Organic Matter in Lake Baikal. — Novosibirsk : Nauka, 1975. — 189 p. — (In Russian).
9. Grachev M. A., Domysheva V. M., Khojer T. V., et al. Depth Water of Lake Baikal: A Natural Reference of Fresh Water // Chemistry for Sustainable Development. — 2004. — Vol. 12, no. 4. — P. 409–420. — EDN: https://elibrary.ru/HRNCZZ.
10. Domysheva V. M. Patterns of Spatial Distribution and Dynamics of Oxygen and Biogenic Elements in the Deep-Water Area of Baikal. PhDThesis. — Irkutsk : IG SB RAS, 2001. — 27 p. — (In Russian).
11. Domysheva V. M., Usoltseva M. V., Sakirko M. V., et al. Spatial distribution of carbon dioxide fluxes, biogenic elements, and phytoplankton biomass in the pelagic zone of Lake Baikal in spring period of 2010-2012 // Atmospheric and Oceanic Optics. — 2014. — Vol. 27, no. 6. — P. 529–535. — https://doi.org/10.1134/s1024856014060049.
12. Zaitseva S. V. and Dagurova O. P. Chlorophyll and Nutrients Content in the Coastal Water of Lake Baikal // Bulletin of the Buryat State University. — 2013. — No. 3. — P. 33–35. — EDN: https://elibrary.ru/QARXXZ ; (in Russian).
13. Izmest’eva L. R., Moore M. V., Hampton S. E., et al. Lake-wide physical and biological trends associated with warming in Lake Baikal // Journal of Great Lakes Research. — 2016. — Vol. 42, no. 1. — P. 6–17. — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.11.006.
14. Kalinkina N. M. and Tekanova E. V. The Dependence of Chlorophyll a Concentration on Total Phosphorus in Water Bodies with Increasing Water Color // Inland Water Biology. — 2022. — Vol. 15, no. 5. — P. 539–542. — https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995082922050108.
15. Kitaev S. P. Fundamentals of Limnology for Hydrobiologists and Ichthyologists. — Petrozavodsk : Karelian Scientific Center of RAS, 2007. — 394 p. — (In Russian).
16. Kozhova O. M. and Mel’nik N. G. Instruction for Processing Plankton Samples by the Counting Method. — Irkutsk : IGU, 1978. — 51 p. — (In Russian).
17. Malashenkov D. V., Moshkarova I. V., Il’insky V. V., et al. Use of Phytoplankton Functional Classification and Microbiological Parameters for Environmental Assessment of Coastal Waters of Southern Baikal // Inland Water Biology. — 2022. — Vol. 15, no. 1. — P. 1–10. — https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995082922010072.
18. Mokry A. V. Seasonal Succession of Phytoplankton in Southern Baikal // Vestnik IrGSHA. — 2019. — No. 90. — P. 97–106. — EDN: https://elibrary.ru/YXYYZN ; (in Russian).
19. Neverova-Dzyopak E. V. and Tsvetkova L. I. Assessment of the Trophic State of Surface Waters. — Saint Petersburg : Saint Petersburg State University of Architecture, Civil Engineering, 2020. — 176 p. — EDN: https://elibrary.ru/KOLTDW ; (in Russian).
20. Popovskaya G. I. Phytoplankton of Baikal and Its Long-Term Changes: (1958-1990). DoctorThesis. — Novosibirsk : SO AN SSSR, 1991. — 32 p. — (In Russian).
21. Popovskaya G. I., Usoltseva M. V., Domysheva V. M., et al. The spring phytoplankton in the pelagic zone of Lake Baikal during 2007-2011 // Geography and Natural Resources. — 2015. — Vol. 36, no. 3. — P. 253–262. — https://doi.org/10.1134/s1875372815030051.
22. Popovskaya G. I., Usoltseva M. V., Firsova A. D., et al. Assessing the State of the Spring Phytoplankton in Lake Baikal in 2007 // Geography and Natural Resources. — 2008. — No. 1. — P. 83–88. — EDN: https://elibrary.ru/JJZVEL ; (in Russian).
23. Sidelev S. I. and Babanazarova O. V. The Link Analysis of the Pigmentary and Structural Characteristics of the High-Eutrophic Lake Phytoplankton // Journal of Siberian Federal University. Biology. — 2008. — Vol. 1, no. 2. — P. 162–177. — EDN: https://elibrary.ru/JRFEIB ; (in Russian).
24. Tarasova E. N. and Meshcheryakova A. I. Current State of the Hydrochemical Regime of Lake Baikal. — Novosibirsk : Nauka, 1992. — 144 p. — (In Russian).
25. Timoshkin O. A., Sitnikova T. Ya., Rusinek O. T., et al. Index of Animal Species Inhabiting Lake Baikal and Its Catchment Area. Vol. I: Lake Baikal, Book 1. — Novosibirsk : Nauka, 2001. — 832 p. — (In Russian).
26. Shimaraev M. N. and Granin N. G. On the Question of Stratification and the Convection Mechanism in Baikal // Doklady Akademii Nauk SSSR. — 1991. — Vol. 321, no. 2. — P. 381–385. — (In Russian).
27. Shimaraev M. N., Troitskaya E. S. and Domysheva V. M. Intensity of Vertical Water Exchange in Individual Basins of Baikal // Geography and Natural Resources. — 2003. — No. 3. — P. 68–73. — (In Russian).
28. Shimaraeva S. V., Pislegina E. V., Kraschuk L. S., et al. Dynamics of chlorophyll a concentration in the South Baikal pelagic during the direct temperature stratification period // Inland Water Biology. — 2017. — Vol. 10, no. 1. — P. 59–63. — https://doi.org/10.1134/s1995082917010163.
29. Anderson G. C. Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum in the Northeast Pacific Ocean // Limnology and Oceanography. — 1969. — Vol. 14, no. 3. — P. 386–391. — https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1969.14.3.0386.
30. Barbiero R. P. and Tuchman M. L. The Deep Chlorophyll Maximum in Lake Superior // Journal of Great Lakes Research. — 2004. — Vol. 30. — P. 256–268. — https://doi.org/10.1016/s0380-1330(04)70390-1.
31. Bondarenko N. A. and Logacheva N. F. Structural Changes in Phytoplankton of the Littoral Zone of Lake Baikal // Hydrobiological Journal. — 2017. — Vol. 53, no. 2. — P. 16–24. — https://doi.org/10.1615/hydrobj.v53.i2.20.
32. Bondarenko N. A., Ozersky T., Obolkina L. A., et al. Recent changes in the spring microplankton of Lake Baikal, Russia // Limnologica. — 2019. — Vol. 75. — P. 19–29. — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.limno.2019.01.002.
33. Bondarenko N. A., Vorobyova S. S., Zhuchenko N. A., et al. Current state of phytoplankton in the littoral area of Lake Baikal, spring 2017 // Journal of Great Lakes Research. — 2020. — Vol. 46, no. 1. — P. 17–28. — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2019.10.001.
34. Carlson R. E. A trophic state index for lakes // Limnology and Oceanography. — 1977. — Vol. 22, no. 2. — P. 361–369. — https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1977.22.2.0361.
35. Churilova T. Ya., Moiseeva N. A., Latushkin A. A., et al. Preliminary results of bio-optical investigations at Lake Baikal // Limnology and Freshwater Biology. — 2018. — No. 1. — P. 58–61. — https://doi.org/10.31951/2658-3518-2018-a-1-58.
36. Climate Change 2023: Synthesis Report. Contribution of Working Groups I, II and III to the Sixth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change / ed. by Core Writing Team, H. Lee and J. Romero. — Geneva, Switzerland : Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2023. — 184 p. — https://doi.org/10.59327/ipcc/ar6-9789291691647.
37. Coon T. G., Lopez M. M., Richerson P. J., et al. Summer dynamics of the deep chlorophyll maximum in Lake Tahoe // Journal of Plankton Research. — 1987. — Vol. 9, no. 2. — P. 327–344. — https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/9.2.327.
38. Cullen J. J. Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum Layers: Enduring Enigma or Mystery Solved? // Annual Review of Marine Science. — 2015. — Vol. 7, no. 1. — P. 207–239. — https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-marine-010213-135111.
39. Domysheva V., Vorobyeva S., Golobokova L., et al. Assessment of the Current Trophic Status of the Southern Baikal Littoral Zone // Water. — 2023. — Vol. 15, no. 6. — P. 1139. — https://doi.org/10.3390/w15061139.
40. Estrada M., Marrasé C., Latasa M., et al. Variability of deep chlorophyll maximum characteristics in the Northwestern Mediterranean // Marine Ecology Progress Series. — 1993. — Vol. 92. — P. 289–300. — https://doi.org/10.3354/meps092289.
41. Fahnenstiel G. L. and Glime J. Subsurface Chlorophyll Maximum and Associated Cyclotella Pulse in Lake Superior // Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrographie. — 1983. — Vol. 68, no. 5. — P. 605–616. — https://doi.org/10.1002/iroh.3510680502.
42. Falkner K. K., Measures C. I., Herbelin S. E., et al. The major and minor element geochemistry of Lake Baikal // Limnology and Oceanography. — 1991. — Vol. 36, no. 3. — P. 413–423. — https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1991.36.3.0413.
43. Fedotov A. P., Domisheva V. M., Sakirko M. V., et al. Phytoplankton of the littoral zone of Lake Baikal // Limnology and Freshwater Biology. — 2025. — No. 1. — P. 113–177. — https://doi.org/10.31951/2658-3518-2025-a-1-113.
44. Hampton S. E., McGowan S., Ozersky T., et al. Recent ecological change in ancient lakes // Limnology and Oceanography. — 2018. — Vol. 63, no. 5. — P. 2277–2304. — https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10938.
45. Hobbs W. O., Lafrancois B. M. and DiDonato E. Nearshore conditions in the Great Lakes national parks: A baseline water quality and toxicological assessment // Park Science. — 2016. — Vol. 32, no. 2. — P. 36–45.
46. Humlum O. The State of the Climate 2022. — The Global Warming Policy Foundation Report 56, 2022. — 54 p.
47. Izmest’eva L. R., Moore M. V., Hampton S. E., et al. Lake-wide physical and biological trends associated with warming in Lake Baikal // Journal of Great Lakes Research. — 2016. — Vol. 42, no. 1. — P. 6–17. — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2015.11.006.
48. Jeffrey S. W. and Humphrey G. F. New spectrophotometric equations for determining chlorophylls a, b, c1 and c2 in higher plants, algae and natural phytoplankton // Biochemie und Physiologie der Pflanzen. — 1975. — Vol. 167, no. 2. — P. 191–194. — https://doi.org/10.1016/s0015-3796(17)30778-3.
49. Karjalainen J., Holopainen A. L. and Huttunen P. Spatial patterns and relationships between phytoplankton, zooplankton and water quality in the Saimaa lake system, Finland // Hydrobiologia. — 1996. — Vol. 322, no. 1–3. — P. 267–276. — https://doi.org/10.1007/bf00031839.
50. Kravtsova L. S., Izhboldina L. A., Khanaev I. V., et al. Nearshore benthic blooms of filamentous green algae in Lake Baikal // Journal of Great Lakes Research. — 2014. — Vol. 40, no. 2. — P. 441–448. — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2014.02.019.
51. Leach T. H., Beisner B. E., Carey C. C., et al. Patterns and drivers of deep chlorophyll maxima structure in 100 lakes: The relative importance of light and thermal stratification // Limnology and Oceanography. — 2017. — Vol. 63, no. 2. — P. 628–646. — https://doi.org/10.1002/lno.10656.
52. Lorenzen C. J. Determination of chlorophyll and pheo-pigments: spectrophotometric equations // Limnology and Oceanography. — 1967. — Vol. 12, no. 2. — P. 343–346. — https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1967.12.2.0343.
53. Panchenko M. V., Domysheva V. M., Pestunov D. A., et al. Carbon dioxide in the atmosphere-water system and biogenic elements in the littoral zone of Lake Baikal during period 2004-2018 // Journal of Great Lakes Research. — 2020. — Vol. 46, no. 1. — P. 85–94. — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2019.10.016.
54. Pomazkina G. V., Belykh O. I., Domysheva V. M., et al. Structure and Dynamics of Phytoplankton of Southern Baikal (Russia) // International Journal on Algae. — 2010. — Vol. 12, no. 1. — P. 64–79. — https://doi.org/10.1615/interjalgae.v12.i1.50.
55. Popovskaya G. I. Ecological monitoring of phytoplankton in Lake Baikal // Aquatic Ecosystem Health & Management. — 2000. — Vol. 3, no. 2. — P. 215–225. — https://doi.org/10.1080/14634980008657017.
56. Sallée J.-B. Southern Ocean Warming // Oceanography. — 2018. — Vol. 31, no. 2. — P. 52–62. — https://doi.org/10.5670/oceanog.2018.215.
57. SCOR-UNESCO Working group 17. Determination of photosynthetic pigments // Determination of photosynthetic pigments in sea-water. — Paris : UNESCO, 1966. — P. 9–18.
58. Timoshkin O. A., Samsonov D. P., Yamamuro M., et al. Rapid ecological change in the coastal zone of Lake Baikal (East Siberia): Is the site of the world’s greatest freshwater biodiversity in danger? // Journal of Great Lakes Research. — 2016. — Vol. 42, no. 3. — P. 487–497. — https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jglr.2016.02.011.
59. Usoltseva M. V., Titova L. A., Firsova A. D., et al. Long-term dynamics of dominant diatom species abundance of spring phytoplankton in three basins of the pelagic zone of Lake Baikal in 1964-1984 and 2007-2016 // Limnology and Freshwater Biology. — 2023. — No. 2. — P. 55–62. — https://doi.org/10.31951/2658-3518-2023-a-2-55.
60. Verbolov V. I. Currents and water exchange in lake Baikal // Water resources. — 1996. — Vol. 23, no. 4. — P. 381–391.
61. Weyhenmeyer G. A. Rates of change in physical and chemical lake variables - are they comparable between large and small lakes? // Hydrobiologia. — 2008. — Vol. 599, no. 1. — P. 105–110. — https://doi.org/10.1007/s10750-007-9193-z.




